KHAIMA Reports

Timeline

From 1884 to today: the essential events, each with a primary source.

  1. Spain declares a protectorate over the Río de Oro coast

    Source: Real decreto del 26 dicembre 1884 (Gaceta de Madrid); Conferenza di Berlino 1884-85

  2. The UN lists Spanish Sahara as a Non-Self-Governing Territory

    Source: ONU, Comitato speciale di decolonizzazione; lista dei territori non autonomi (un.org/dppa/decolonization)

  3. The UN General Assembly asks Spain to decolonise the territory

    Source: Risoluzione A/RES/2072 (XX)

  4. The Polisario Front is founded

    Source: Documenti del Fronte Polisario (fonte di parte); letteratura storica (T. Hodges, Western Sahara: The Roots of a Desert War, 1983)

  5. ICJ advisory opinion: no tie of territorial sovereignty between Western Sahara and Morocco or Mauritania; the right to self-determination applies

    Source: Corte internazionale di giustizia, Western Sahara, Advisory Opinion, I.C.J. Reports 1975, p. 12

  6. Green March: Morocco sends about 350,000 civilians into the territory

    Source: Consiglio di sicurezza ONU, risoluzione 380 (1975), che deplora la marcia e chiede il ritiro

  7. Madrid Accords: Spain hands the administration of the territory to Morocco and Mauritania

    Source: Dichiarazione di principi di Madrid, 14 novembre 1975 (registrata presso l'ONU); parere del Consigliere giuridico ONU S/2002/161 sul valore degli accordi

  8. Proclamation of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR) at Bir Lehlou

    Source: Fronte Polisario / RASD (fonte di parte); ammissione della RASD all'OUA, 1984

  9. Mauritania renounces its claims in the Algiers agreement; Morocco extends its control

    Source: Accordo Mauritania-Fronte Polisario, Algeri, 5 agosto 1979; Assemblea generale ONU, risoluzione 34/37 (1979)

  10. The Security Council establishes MINURSO to organise the referendum

    Source: Consiglio di sicurezza ONU, risoluzione 690 (1991)

  11. The ceasefire between Morocco and the Polisario Front enters into force

    Source: Piano di regolamento ONU (S/21360 e S/22464); rapporti del Segretario generale

  12. Morocco submits its autonomy proposal to the UN; the Polisario Front submits its own proposal

    Source: Documenti ONU S/2007/206 (Marocco) e S/2007/210 (Fronte Polisario)

  13. The EU Court of Justice: EU-Morocco agreements do not apply to Western Sahara without the consent of its people

    Source: CGUE, causa C-104/16 P, Consiglio c. Fronte Polisario, sentenza del 21 dicembre 2016

  14. Moroccan operation at Guerguerat; the Polisario Front declares the ceasefire over

    Source: Rapporto del Segretario generale ONU S/2021/843; comunicati delle parti (fonti di parte)

  15. The United States recognise Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara, as part of Morocco-Israel normalisation

    Source: Proclamation 10126, Federal Register, 10 dicembre 2020

  16. The EU Court of Justice definitively annuls the EU-Morocco fisheries and trade agreements extended to Western Sahara

    Source: CGUE, cause riunite C-778/21 P e C-798/21 P e causa C-399/22, sentenze del 4 ottobre 2024

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